![]() ![]() ![]() During the Qin dynasty (221–206 BC), yuan became the character for all gardens. You was a royal garden where birds and animals were kept, while pu was a garden for plants. Early inscriptions from this period, carved on tortoise shells, have three Chinese characters for garden, you, pu and yuan. These gardens were large enclosed parks where the kings and nobles hunted game, or where fruit and vegetables were grown. ![]() The earliest recorded Chinese gardens were created in the valley of the Yellow River, during the Shang Dynasty (1600–1046 BC). By moving from structure to structure, visitors can view a series of carefully composed scenes, unrolling like a scroll of landscape paintings. Ī typical Chinese garden is enclosed by walls and includes one or more ponds, rock works, trees and flowers, and an assortment of halls and pavilions within the garden, connected by winding paths and zig-zag galleries. They create an idealized miniature landscape, which is meant to express the harmony that should exist between man and nature. It includes both the vast gardens of the Chinese emperors and members of the imperial family, built for pleasure and to impress, and the more intimate gardens created by scholars, poets, former government officials, soldiers and merchants, made for reflection and escape from the outside world. The Chinese garden is a landscape garden style which has evolved over three thousand years. This picture of the Yuyuan Garden in Shanghai (created in 1559) shows all the elements of a classical Chinese garden – water, architecture, vegetation, and rocks. ![]()
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